Copper is a typical sulfophilic element. Sulfide is mainly formed in nature. Only oxide is formed under strong oxidation condition, and natural copper can be formed under reduction condition. At present, more than 250 kinds of copper minerals and copper bearing minerals have been found in the earth's crust, mainly sulfide and its similar compounds, copper oxide, natural copper, sulfate, carbonate, silicate and other minerals of copper. Among them, there are 16 kinds that can be used as industrial mineral raw materials for the current beneficiation and smelting conditions. That is, natural elements: natural copper (containing nearly 100% copper); copper sulfide: chalcopyrite (containing 34.6% copper; bracket refers to copper content, the same below), bornite (63.3%), chalcocite (79.9%), cerulo blue (66.5%), chalcopyrite (23.4%), tetrahedrite (46.7%), arsenopyrite (52.7%), arsenopyrite (48.4%); copper oxide: chalcopyrite (88.8%), chalcopyrite (79.9%); copper sulfate, carbonate and silicate minerals: Malachite (57.5%), chalcopyrite (55.3%), sillimachite (36.2%), hydrocholosite (56.2%) and chalcopyrite (59.5%).

Copper is one of the earliest metals discovered and used by human beings. It is purplish red with a specific gravity of 8.89 and a melting point of 1083.4 ℃. Copper and its alloys are widely used because of their good conductivity and thermal conductivity, strong corrosion resistance, easy processing, good tensile strength and fatigue strength. They are second only to steel and aluminum in the consumption of metal materials, and become indispensable basic materials and strategic materials in the national economy and the people's livelihood, National defense projects and even high-tech fields. It is widely used in electrical industry, mechanical industry, chemical industry, national defense industry and other sectors. Copper concentrate is made of low-grade copper bearing raw ore through beneficiation process

The concentrate with quality index can be directly used for copper smelting in smelter. t01bcdba09050679e95.jpg

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Copper is a typical sulfophilic element. Sulfide is mainly formed in nature. Only oxide is formed under strong oxidation condition, and natural copper can be formed under reduction condition. At present, more than 250 kinds of copper minerals and copper bearing minerals have been found in the earth's crust, mainly sulfide and its similar compounds, copper oxide, natural copper, sulfate, carbonate, silicate and other minerals of copper. Among them, there are 16 kinds that can be used as industrial mineral raw materials for the current beneficiation and smelting conditions. That is, natural elements: natural copper (containing nearly 100% copper); copper sulfide: chalcopyrite (containing 34.6% copper; bracket refers to copper content, the same below), bornite (63.3%), chalcocite (79.9%), cerulo blue (66.5%), chalcopyrite (23.4%), tetrahedrite (46.7%), arsenopyrite (52.7%), arsenopyrite (48.4%); copper oxide: chalcopyrite (88.8%), chalcopyrite (79.9%); copper sulfate, carbonate and silicate minerals: Malachite (57.5%), chalcopyrite (55.3%), sillimachite (36.2%), hydrocholosite (56.2%) and chalcopyrite (59.5%).

At present, the main raw materials of copper smelting in China are chalcopyrite, chalcocite, bornite, malachite, etc. According to the technical conditions of beneficiation and smelting, three natural types of copper ores are classified according to the proportion of copper oxide and copper sulfide. That is, sulfide ore, containing less than 10% copper oxide; oxidized ore, containing more than 30% copper oxide; mixed ore, containing 10% ~ 30% copper oxide.

China's copper mineral raw materials have the following characteristics:

1) The copper mineral raw materials suitable for dressing and smelting are found in various deposit types. Among them, the deposit types with important mining value are magmatic copper nickel sulfide deposit, porphyry copper deposit, skarn type copper and polymetallic deposit, hydrothermal vein type copper deposit, volcano sedimentary massive sulfide type copper deposit, sedimentary layered deposit, etc.

2) The structure and structure of the ore are complex, and the inlaid particle size is uneven, most of them are uneven disseminated particle size ore, and even there are many mineral assemblages, fabric inlaid with fine, complex composition, and more difficult to concentrate ore.

3) The chemical composition of the ore is various, and there are many beneficial and harmful components associated with the ore. At present, most of the mining areas are comprehensive copper deposits, which are associated with a variety of beneficial and harmful elements. Through comprehensive mining and comprehensive utilization, harm can be changed into benefit and waste into treasure.

Copper is one of the earliest metals discovered and used by human beings. It is purplish red with a specific gravity of...